A Complete Guide to Growing and Caring for Aeoniums (Tree Houseleeks)

If you’re a succulent enthusiast looking to add some unique plants to your collection, then aeoniums, also known as tree houseleeks, might be just what you’re looking for. These striking plants are characterized by their glossy, waxy leaves arranged in rosettes, making them a visually appealing addition to any garden or indoor space. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about growing and caring for aeoniums to help you successfully cultivate these beautiful succulents.

Table of Contents

About Aeoniums

Aeoniums belong to a genus of approximately 35 succulent plant species, ranging from low-growing varieties like A. tabuliforme and A. smithii to larger species like A. arboreum, A. valverdense, and A. holochrysum that can grow several feet tall. Their signature rosettes come in solid colors or variegated combinations of white, yellow, red, and green, giving them a distinctive appearance that often gets mistaken for artificial plants. While the small, star-like flowers that grow from the center of the rosettes may not be particularly showy, the overall beauty of aeoniums lies in their perfectly formed rosettes.

Aeoniums can be planted in the garden or indoors, making them versatile additions to any plant collection. They are slow-growing plants, with some taking up to five years before producing flowers from the center of the rosettes. It’s important to note that most aeoniums are monocarpic, meaning the mother plant dies after flowering, but the side shoots or pups will continue to grow and produce more shoots, ensuring the plant’s survival.

Aeonium Care Tips

Proper care is essential for the health and vitality of your aeonium plants. Whether you’re growing them in the ground as perennials or in containers on your deck or patio, here are some key care tips to keep in mind:

Light

Aeoniums thrive in full or partial sunlight, but in hot summers or desert conditions, they may require light shade during the hottest afternoon hours.
When growing aeoniums indoors, place them in a window that receives bright, indirect light for at least six to eight hours a day.
Watch out for white or brown marks on the tips of the leaves, as this could be a sign of too much direct light. Consider relocating the plants to a more suitable location.

Soil

Plant aeoniums in sandy loam or a regular potting mix amended with perlite for optimal drainage.
Avoid using succulent and cacti-specific mixes, as aeoniums require more moisture than these blends typically provide.
If planting in dense garden soil, amend it with peat moss to improve porosity and drainage for the roots.

Water

Allow the soil to dry out slightly before watering your aeonium plants, both indoors and outdoors.
During the plant’s dormant periods in summer and winter, water sparingly and only when the leaves start to shrivel.
Avoid overwatering, as excess moisture can lead to root rot and other issues.

Temperature and Humidity

Aeoniums prefer a Mediterranean-like climate with moderate temperatures and humidity levels.
Most varieties are hardy in USDA zones 9 to 11, so they may need to be grown indoors in colder regions.
Provide adequate moisture and shade to keep the plants thriving in high heat conditions.

Fertilizer

Feed your aeonium plants with a half-strength balanced fertilizer during their growing season for best results.
Adjust the frequency of fertilization based on the plant’s maturity and soil nutrient levels.
Always fertilize at soil level and avoid getting fertilizer on the leaves, especially during dormancy.

Types of Aeoniums

There are several popular varieties of aeoniums to choose from, each with its own unique characteristics and appearances. Some common types include:
– Aeonium arboreum
– Aeonium arboreum ‘Atropurpureum’
– Aeonium arboreum ‘Zwartkop’ or ‘Black Rose’
– Aeonium ‘Garnet’
– Aeonium davidbramwelli ‘Sunburst’
– Aeonium haworthii ‘Tricolor’ or ‘Kiwi’

Propagating Aeonium

Propagating aeoniums is a simple and rewarding process that can help you expand your plant collection quickly. Here’s how you can propagate aeoniums from cuttings:
1. Take stem cuttings in the spring when the plant is actively growing.
2. Allow the cuttings to dry and callus for a few days.
3. Plant the cuttings in well-draining soil and keep them moist until roots develop.
4. Once roots are established, your new plants will begin to grow and thrive.

Potting and Repotting Aeonium

Container gardening is an ideal way to grow aeoniums, as it allows for better control over soil moisture and growing conditions. When potting or repotting your aeonium plants, keep the following tips in mind:
– Use containers with good drainage to prevent waterlogged soil and root rot.
– Choose containers made of moisture-wicking materials like terracotta or clay to maintain proper soil moisture levels.
– Repot your aeoniums annually during the spring months to refresh the soil and provide room for growth.

Common Pests and Problems

Aeoniums are susceptible to common pests like aphids, mealybugs, mites, scale, and ants. Keep an eye out for signs of infestations and treat them promptly to prevent damage to your plants. Additionally, here are some common problems you may encounter when caring for aeoniums and how to address them:
– Plant Leaves Falling Off: This is a normal occurrence during the plant’s dormant periods and does not require intervention.
– Browning Leaves: Sunburned leaves may appear white or brown at the edges; adjust the plant’s sunlight exposure accordingly.
– Dying Mother Branch: If the main mother plant has flowered and is dying, trim the rosette and allow the side shoots to continue growing.

In conclusion, growing and caring for aeoniums can be a rewarding experience for succulent enthusiasts. By following the tips and guidelines outlined in this guide, you can successfully cultivate these unique plants in your garden or indoor space. Remember to provide adequate light, well-draining soil, proper watering practices, and regular maintenance to keep your aeoniums happy and healthy for years to come. Happy gardening!